Fitbit: SWOT and PESTEL Analysis

Fitbit SWOT and PESTEL epitomeOverviewFitbit was primeed as Healthy Metrics Research, Inc. in 2007 by mob Park and Eric Friedman. The first intersection by Fitbit was launched later in 2009the Fitbit Tracker. It was a small black device that could be clipped onto clothing and tracked stairs taken, distance traveled, calories burned, military action intensity, and sleep quality by combining an internal accelerometer with riding habitr data. A user could then(prenominal) upload their data to the Fitbit website, where they could see an everyplaceview of their carnal activity, set and track specific goals, keep activity logs, and interact with friends. Initially, the Fitbit Tracker was only avail qualified online, but later was introduced into the retail store foodstuff through scoop out Buy.Fitbit continued with the clip design type until later introducing the well-known watchstrap style commonly seen today which introduced even much features in 2013, and later introduced sm artwatches opening in 2015. By August 2015, Fitbit had two clippable activity trackers, four wristband-style trackers, and a smart scale on the marketplace. Prices ranged from $99.95 to $249.95, depending on the product and its functions.By the time Fitbit went customary in 2015, Fitbit led the U.S. fitness-tracker market with a share of 76 portion (globally with a share of 35 percent), and revenue had been growing e genuinely quarter since 2011. In the first half of 2015 alone, Fitbit generated $737 million of revenue with 8.3 million devices sold, with 80 percent of Fitbit aligns being placed on Amazon or Fitbits official online shop.However, Fitbit was commencement to face some strong competition, as more and more competitors began entering the market such as Garmin, Nike, Samsung, Xiaomi, and Apple. The most nonable competitors product to enter the market was with the introduction of the Apple Watch in April 2015, which quickly captured the second largest global wearable device market share at 19.9 percent and caused Fitbit to fall from 35 percent to 24.3 percent global market share.Analysis In rule to better understand the situation that Fitbit is in, a SWOT depth psychology allow for be performed and a Porters Five Forces model will be created.SWOT AnalysisStrengths As one of the early transportrs in the wearable device industry, Fitbit was able to capture a commanding size of market share while they built their brand and established a strong user-base. Fitbit too continues many choices to consumers with their diametric types of productsnamely the wristbands and smartwatchesbut they were able to offer them in different colors and functionality as to be able to offer a whole range of products at different price points in order to maximize customer reach. Fitbit has also partnered with amends companies in order to offer programs that mark physical activity while providing individuals that take advantage of the programs lower amends premium s. Weaknesses Fitbit faces strong competition from competitors like Apple, Samsung, Nike, Garmin, and Xiaomi. As a relatively sweet(a) company, Fitbit does not withstand the established customer base and brand loyalists like these other companies have, and as such are having to make up ground in order to effectively compete. Fitbit also only has one successful product linetheir fitness tracking wearable deviceswhile the other companies have products like computers, phones, and primp that lower their oerall risk since they are much more diversified in their overall product mix as a company.Opportunities As mentioned in the Strengths section, Fitbit has some existing partnerships with wellness insurance agencies, but there is a tremendous amount of harvest left in this area. Partnerships could also be created with companies for operate for their employees as well as hospitals for patient monitoring and physical therapy. In the era of rangy data, Fitbit has an opportunity to be able to sell collected health and behavior data to health insurance companies and universities, but consumer privacy is crucial. Threats As mentioned in the Weaknesses section, Fitbit faces stiff competition in the wearables market. Apple has a cult-like following of lot loyal to its brand, while Xiaomi has taken control of the Chinese market with a much lower priced alternative to Fitbits trackers. These all threaten Fitbits market position, and as such, Fitbit ineluctably to stay on the cutting edge of technological offerings with its devices in order to maintain their industry leader status as the market continues to grow due to change magnitude health awareness by consumers.Porters Five Forces Model negociate Power of Buyers The bargaining power of buyers is at a uplifted level, as there are many alternatives to Fitbits products which range anywhere from $34 to $850+, so switching costs are very low. This has forced Fitbit to drive innovation in their products in order to keep consumers engaged and for Fitbit to maintain their status as the leading brand in the industry.Bargaining Power of Suppliers The bargaining power of suppliers is at a low level, since Fitbit mainly outsources their manufacturing to companies in China and also buy product from them in bulk. Fitbit also has the tycoon to switch between any number of suppliers in China, and the entire design of the product is intellectual property of Fitbit with the software being written to the device by Fitbit employees themselves. Threat of Substitutes The threat of substitutes is at a high level, as smartphones are beginning to integrated many features of Fitbits wristbands and smartwatches. Smartwatches are also becoming more dominant in the wearables market, as they are also integrating features from Fitbits wristband product.Threat of New Entrants The threat of new entrants is at a book level, there are many barriers to entry in the wearables marketnamely significant capital dedicatement, as the products need to be manufactured and distribution channel need to be established. Since competition is high, a lot of human and monetary capital is needed for investigate and development as well. Level of Competitive contestation in the Industry The level of competitive rivalry in the industry is high. Fitbit has positioned itself as a premium brand in the industry, but other wearables offer much of the same functionality as Fitbits. Even though Fitbit has a tremendous advantage with being one of the first movers, Fitbit still needs to be able to differentiate itself from their competitors as the wearables market becomes more saturated.Overall From the Porters Five Forces model, buyer power, competitive rivalry, and threat of substitutes are all at a high level, which can make it challenging in the fitness wearables industry to be successful and also sustain a competitive advantage. In order to do this, Fitbit must continue to drive innovation within the industry in order to retain its leadership status.AlternativesThe following are strategic directions Fitbit couldmove in in order to capture more market share and/or increase profit. Expand InternationallyAs mentioned in the Overview, Fitbit in mid-2015 had a US market share of 76 percent, while their global market share was 24.3 percent. This shows that while Fitbit had a commanding lead here in the unite States, it has tremendous potential for increase internationally. Marketing efforts whitethorn need to increase internationally in order to bring awareness to the brand, as Fitbit may not be as internationally recognized as their competitors since Fitbit is relatively young as a company. However, since Fitbit has positioned itself as a premium brand, they may need to place product offerings for other countries that have vastly different cultures and living standards compared to here in the United States. There is also potential here to increase the summarize potential market share for the i ndustry as a whole and drive industry growth as a whole.Increase Brand and harvest AwarenessSince Fitbit is a relatively newer company, they do not have the brand recognition that their competitors like Apple, Garmin, Samsung, Nike, and Xiaomi have, at least on a global perspective. present in the United States, Fitbit is very much a household name and is pretty much synonymous with fitness tracking, as can be seen by its commanding 76 percent market share (per the case as of mid-2015).Consumers may also not be aware of the range of products that Fitbit offers, so they may not know that a product may be available that fits their price and functionality needs. Even though Exhibit 7 in the case shows that Fitbit has persona the next competitors percentage for consumers purchasing intentions for a wearable device within the next 12 months42 percent compared with Apples 21 percentit would be a good idea for Fitbit to be producing more surveys in order to better understand consumers p references so that Fitbit can potentially better position itself within the market as well as understand how consumers view their brand and what features may increase usage.Add FeaturesIn this industry, there is high buyer power, competitive rivalry, and threat of substitutes as shown in the Porters Five Forces model. In order to overcome these, Fitbit must continue to invest in research and development and drive innovation in the industry if they wish to remain the market leader, so this means continually offering new and unique features to their products in order to create value and increase customers willingness to pay. Certain kinds of features, like a camera for instance, may necessitate being added to the smartwatch over the wristband in order to differentiate the products and offer multiple price points to consumers. Fitbit could also integrate their products more with social media like Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter in order to potentially restore some consumer interest, s ince consumers may be able to better track their friends activity as well as share their own.Increase Focus on Health and WellnessFitbit has a tremendous opportunity to grow in the health and wellness space by potentially integrating their product into hospitals for them to use to assist patients with health monitoring like glucose, blood sugar, and the heart in activities like physical therapy sessions. Alerts could even be set up for medications. This information could then be linked back to their healthcare provider for analyzing long term trends in a patients health. This would be a completely new addition to the fitness tracking wearables industry and could drive high amounts of growth as Fitbits product transitions from that of a call for to more of a need. This could also help Fitbit connect with older customers rather than just targeting and connecting with the young and fit customer segments.The downside of this is it could potentially be very costly and require high level s of research and development in order to deliver products that healthcare providers would require. This would also be dependent on establishing partnerships with healthcare providers.Sell DataIn the era of big data, Fitbit has the potential to profit from selling user activity data that is collected when uploaded to their website by the user. The data could then be used by health insurance companies and universities for research. Using machine learning, patterns could be detected from user behavior data that could improve product positioning and customer targeting for Fitbit, provide health and activity insights that may not have been previously known, and also help health insurance companies establish health programs that could lower premiums after report carding how certain levels and types of physical activity affected an individuals health risks. The key issue here, however, is customer privacy. According to the case, Fitbit announced that it was compliant with the U.S. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in September 2015, which indicates that Fitbit is already establishing protections for customers data and its security.Analysis and DiscussionThis section will detail the recommended path for Fitbit, as well as discuss what I have personally learned about myself through the course.RecommendationFitbit built its brand on providing a management for consumers to have a fun and engaging way to track their fitness goals, which also provides the background and experience needed to expand efforts into providing meaningful insights into an individuals health. Fitbit has an incredible opportunity for long-term growth if they counsel on what has made them into the market leader they are today, and focus their efforts on overall health and wellness by providing easier and more in depth ways for patients and healthcare providers to track an individuals data. Fitbits style will also help to replace bulky devices that are not aesthetically pleasing.Fitbit will need to conduct market research to understand what patients and healthcare providers require in order to better develop the tools they need and know the data that needs tracking. This effort will also require Fitbit to invest in research and development to meet those needs. Partnerships could be created not only with healthcare providers, but with insurance companies and medical device companies as well. If Fitbit is able to integrate other medical devices into its app, then they would be able to gain a save edge over their competitors by offering more features and utility, which could be an incredible competitive advantage, especially with how high the competitive rivalry in the industry is as shown previously in the Porters Five Forces model. According to the case, corporate clients account for less than 10 percent of Fitbits business, so there is tremendous opportunity for growth there as well. Especially if there is a partnership formed between the corporat ion, Fitbit, and the insurance company to be able to provide cheaper insurance premiums for employees as well as cut health care costs for the corporation.This effort could also be combined with selling data uploaded through Fitbits app, and Fitbit is already showing they take data security seriously since they have become HIPAA compliant. If partnerships are being formed with insurance companies, they can use the data as mentioned previously to discipline how certain health habits can reduce certain health risks in order to form wellness programs that provide discounts to any consumer that uses a Fitbit device and willingly shares their health activity to earn the discounts.Ultimately, these efforts will help Fitbit to position itself and its products as the go-to for health and fitness tracking by transitioning its products from that of a want to more of a need, which will build their competitive advantage and further differentiate Fitbit from their competitors.Media Article Anal ysis Effects of High Protein DietMedia Article Analysis Effects of High Protein DietIntroductionMedia claim from The Telegraph that high ingestion of protein would be as bad as smoking 20 cigarettes a day and have as higher risk of developing cancer as smoking 20 cigarettes a day is misleading and misinterpreting to the readers of frequent public. The denomination itself is over simplified making the actual study that the denomination was based upon, over exaggerated and misleading.Dangers of reading this claim would suggest eating less foods containing protein in middle-age individuals. Proteins are one of the major components to sustain a healthy lifestyle through all ages. () Proteins are large biological molecules consisting of one or more chains of amino acid. Main functions of protein within living organism are to replicate DNA, responding to stimuli, transporting molecules and catalysing metabolic reactions. ()Although the alternative claims are found further down the arti cle suggesting it is not as crucial to eat protein rich diet and maintaining healthy diet regardless of age, the article written suggesting that protein rich diet may be as bad as smoking 20 cigarettes a day through developing cancerous cells was written in the first few sentences. This may suggest to the public readers that they might need to change their diet. By posting this statement on the first few paragraphs the reader might only roll out the points that they are interested in and not continuing reading the article where most of the alternative suggestions are made by different professors and doctors. hunt media claimHigh-protein diet as bad as smoking published by The Telegraph on 14th March 2014, written by Sarah Knapton was published to give the readers the idea of how high protein diet has the same effect of developing cancer as smoking 20 cigarettes a day. Researchers tracked thousands of adults for 20 long time and found that consumption of high protein diet may have The risk is intimately as high as the danger of developing cancer by smoking 20 cigarettes each day.Dr Valter Longo of University of Southern California stated we provide convincing rise that a high-protein diet particularly if the proteins are derived from animals is nearly as bad as smoking for your health. Other comments from Dr Eileen Crimmins stated that with low protein diet the overall mortality longevity may be increased convinced(p) increasing an overall prevention of developing cancer in the middle-age individuals. With that in mind another proposition was made that older-aged individuals may need to forfend low-protein diets to allow maintenance of healthy weight and protection from frailty.In the article it is also stated other perspectives of low and high intakes of proteins. Dr Gunter Kuhnle and Prof Naveed Saattar stated that the results may come from a survival bais plus public view on the article stating The smoker thinks why bother quitting smoking if my chee se and ham get up is just as bad for me?What is claim based on?Media has written this claim based up on Low Protein Intake Is Associated with a major Reduction in IGF-1, Cancer, and Overall Mortality in the 65 and Younger but Not Older Population study by several study groups from USA, Italy and Ecuador. The report was published by cell metabolism. The aim was to find if low protein intake associated with reduction in IGF-1, Cancer and overall mortality in adults ages 50 and over.Recommendations madeReduction of protein intake may prevent development of cancer cells from 50+ individualsReduction in red meat intakeWhat is mechanism/ hypothesis to post claim?Somatomedin C also known as insulin-like grown factor 1(IGF-1), is a protein encoded within humans by the IGF-1 gene, consisting of 70 amino acids in a single chain with three iramolecular bisulfide bridges.() In 1970s its effects were termed as nonsuppressible insulin-like activity (NSILA). Its a hormone that has similar molec ular bodily structure compare to insulin.() IGF-1 has important roles through childhood growth to adulthood anabolic effects.()Cancer is an abnormal mass, resulted in dividing cells within tissues cell infrastructure. Cancer cells divide and uncontrollably grow, forming malignant tumorous growth, invading close part within the body. () Cancerous cells may also spread through the blood stream or lymphatic system, resulting in invading distant parts within body infrastructure. There are 200 different type of cancers that affect human body, over 60 different organs where cancerous tumours may develop. ()Some of the tumours within the body are not cancerous, benignit tumours do spread within the cell but does not infiltrate neighbouring tissues nor do they spread throughout the body.()There are different studies in which ingestion of low protein diet have been found to be of benefit in the mid-age individuals, plus studys that comply of ingestion of high protein may develop cancerous c ells or speed up the growth of the tumour through IGF-1. () The growth hormone (IGF-1) not only encourages growth of healthy cells, but also provides sources in increasing cancer cell growth. () study suggested that increasing 10ng/ml of IGF-1 with the high protein diet have 9% higher chance of developing and dying of cancer compare to low-protein diet. But the proteins that the studies were analysing two-thirds of the protein resurces came from animal produce. When the study was performed on mice, they have found that from animal source proteins tend to have an effect on the growth of cancerous cells, whereas plant derivatives seemed to considered to be more of a safer option. ()What evidence is there to support/refute claim?Many studies were performed on low consumption of proteins and relationship between decreasing the development of cancerous cells. From the Cell metabolism article et al 2014, that this media article was based on suggested that from performing experiments on mi ce and monitoring human population of 50-65 and 65+ year old groups found that there is a correlativity between consumption of high-protein diet and development of cancerous cell. But the article also suggested to look into 65+ year old group as kind of of providing low-protein diet may have an opposite effect, promoting muscular atrophy and weight loss. Moreover, elder generations turn beneficial effects of protein restriction on mortality, into negative.Another study by Gyrd-Hansen et al 2004 proposed that Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) promotes cancer cell viability by safeguarding lysosomal integrity. The study came to a conclusion that Hsp70 has provided a platform for further investigation in alteration in cancerous cells, decreasing stability of lysosomes. So by finding this protein and deplete it from the cancerous cell it will destabilise lysosomal membrane which will then result in cancer cell depletion.On the other hand study from USA suggested that Mitrogen-activated p rotein kinase (MAPK) provided strong correlation that inhibitors of signal-regulated kinase (ERK) MAPK will provide effective antiseptic agents for treating wild range of human cancerous cells.( P JRoberts et al 2007)SummaryThe media article did provide some good evidence towards the end from different professors and doctors from both sides supporting the study that high-protein diets may have an effect of cancer development and others saying that more research need to be done to provide more of a valid proposal on high-protein ingestion and development of cancerous cells within the body.ConclusionThe media article claim was over simplified and suggested false claim at the beginning of the article to the general public. Although the study which this article was based up on did provide information on low protein intake has effect on reducing the risk of developing cancerous cells, the claim that is made by the newspaper was falsely advertised, misleading general public in thinking th at protein foods such as meats may be harmful to their health. But in actual fact proteins have to be a part of healthy lifestyle.

Development of Nursing Skills in Oral Care Placement

Development of Nursing Skills in oral examination C atomic number 18 agreementINTRODUCTIONThis essay is going to focus on the breast feeding skills that I developed during a period of placement simulations and in the community, placing emphasis on verbal c atomic number 18, communication and bed bath. It will outline the fundamental aspects of clinical nursing skills that I fuddle begun to acquire. This will as well highlight the learning processes which took place and how it helped me to stir my knowledge, and ethical values in order to write quality and safety of cargon. Using other sources of current literature, I will design a musing model to discuss how I digest achieved the necessary level of learning outcome. By utilising this model I hope to demonstrate my knowledge and understanding in relation to these skills as well as identifying argonas with scope for learning.Reflection is the process of reviewing an baffle in order to describe, analyse, evaluate and so infor m learning about(predicate) practice (Reid 1993). There are m all reflective models that I could have used, including Johns (2004), Driscoll (2000), Atkins and Murphy (1994), Kolbs (1984), and Gibbs (1988).However, Gibbs (1988) model of reflection was selected, as a framework, be get along it focuses on different aspects of an bear and allows the learner to revisit the event fully. By contemplating it thus, I am able to appreciate it and guided to where future development work is required.Skill 1 Oral Care expositionI was mapping of a placement simulation group which went to the multi-skills laboratory to practice delivering and receiving oral hygiene. I was assigned a fellow to clank his teeth using a toothbrush and paste. I put on gloves to prevent contamination (NICE 2003). Seeking his consent, I undertook a brief ocular assessment ofhis mouths health. I then put him in a comfortable position so that he could tolerate the wash. Thereafter, I sassyed all-round the mouth, gums and tongue. I finish off by helping him to rinse his mouth with mouthwash. I treatedmy pardner as though he was physically unable to hold the brush himselfto scrub his own teeth, precisely he was able to communicate with me and was able to assist me in terms of spitting and gargling with water at the end of the procedure.FeelingsWhen offshoot informed that I was expected to undertake this task I felt anxious and concerned. I was aware that I had not brushed anyones teeth impertinent of my family before and that the mouth is an well-read and individualal part of the body which is not usually exposed to anyone other than me or the dentist. I was concerned about how my quisling (whom I did not know well at that stage) would react to me examining his mouth. Writers have described such intimate physical assessments as creating a potentially inquisitive situation (Lewis 2006, Sturdy 2007) which baron cause the uncomplaining to feel uncertain and inadequate. I was also conce rned that my own anxiety was shared by my partner who also appeared embarrassed and awkward at the time.This anxiety was increased when during the procedure my partner began to cough as though distressed. This caused me to feel hesitant about continuing- a situation recognised by Millon (1994) as a common response for occupyrs to such an experience, although I persevered with his cooperation. When the task was completed I felt comfortable with my exercise overall.EvaluationWhat was good about the experience was that, despite being aware that this role is often delegated to health care assistants (Kelly et al 2010), I was able to deliver a fundamental component of inseparable nursing care (Essence of Care 2003) quite effectively. The experience helped me to appreciate that oral care provides any nurse with an beau ideal opportunity to undertake a thorough physical, emotional and cognitive assessment of a patient (DOH, 2001). I was satisfied delivering this aspect of care without harming the patient as no injuries were sustained (having I checked his mouth prior to and after cleansing). Also, I was pleased to have an opportunity to improve my communication skills through the pitch shot of this skill and to understand the impact that this might have on the development of a curative relationship with future patients. From my colleagues reaction and feed choke, I understood how feedback is an main(prenominal) learning gibe. Despite my discomfort during the undertaking of this task, the experience highlighted the potentially complex problems I might have to solve in the provision of care necessarily to patients for whom I may not have had contact with before.AnalysisAdministration of this clinical skill involved undertaking an assessment of my colleagues mouth before delivering any care in order to help determine the most abstract means of delivering oral care. Malkin (2009) asserts that this is a critical component of the procedure and was one I was kee n not to overlook. The World Health Organisation (WHO 2010) describes a healthy mouth as being free of chronic mouth and facial infliction and in the situation described this is the correct I put my partners mouth to be in. I was thereof happy to proceed with cleaning his teeth as instructed. I selected to use a soft bristled toothbrush and toothpaste. The use of these adjuncts are described by many writers as being the most appropriate in terms of removing plaque and preventing trauma to the gums (Holman et al 2005,McCauliffe 2007).Despite this it has been determine that they are also most often not selected by nurses who appear uncertain about most effective evidence based practice ( McAuliffe 2007).ConclusionClearly, mouth care is important and that, nurses have a role in assessing and maintaining it (Malkin, 2009).The task identified the role of the nurse in providing encouragement to the patient whilst delivering oral care. His weakness created a superstar of dependency u pon me and necessitated the utilisation of good communication theory skills on my part to complete the task properly. It has raised my awareness the effects of nursing interventions on others within my practice.Action PlanAt the moment, I read to a greater extent books a day than practice. My aim is to be proactive in the future by promptly opening up through total participation and doing more practices by brushing my teeth on regular basis. I would con lookr brushing others also and allowing them to brush mine in order to become familiar with areas that are often not well attended to. Keeping up to date with evidence based principles of practice will be maintained through the examen of journals that refer to this aspect of care.I will take care to remember my feelings when providing and receiving oral hygiene before delivering it to patients in the future. Recognising the potential for embarrassment and awkwardness I will ensure that I treat the patient with sensitivity and disc retion at all times.Skill 2 Communication SkillsDescriptionI come with my mentor to attend to a consultation with R, in persuading him as a non-compliant patient, in taking his medication. He had disownd to communicate with anyone, and had been violent and very suspicious of nursing interventions in the past. He would not open his door and started shouting. When he appeared quiet he let us in. I thought it would be nice for him to have some interaction after seeking his consent. I pulled up a chair next to my client so that I was closer to him and was at a similar eye level. I engaged him in a conversation about football. When I mentioned Arsenal, he became interested in the conversation. I realised he was a fan of the club and told me more about the club. I listened attentively, nodding and contri unlessing. I ceased this as an opportunity to explain the need for taking medication and side effects of non-compliance. He understood and pledged to take his medication daily. He took some to our surprise.FeelingsThroughout the whole experience I felt terribly dying(p) as I knew I was being judged on how well I could achieve the skill. My initial perception was that R was a difficult patient and considered withdrawing but I felt emotionally concerned about meeting a professional obligation. I understood that I owed him a duty of care (NMC, 2008) and solely withdrawing was not professional in my view.EvaluationI was pleased to have an opportunity to improve my communication skills through which, I was able to convince him in taking his medication without confrontation. It was good that I sat in the chair next to him and did not just stand over him to show I precious him and that I was not in a hurry. I used good body language and facial expressions as stated by Egan (2002). I understood the impact that this skill might have on the development of a therapeutic relationship with future patients. Ironbar et al (2003) stresses that, therapeutic relationships shtup b e stressful. This requires insight, self-awareness and power to cope effectively with stress. The downside was that the patient initially felt that I was being nasty as I was persistent in having him take the medicine. Also, I found it difficult to communicate with the patient initially because I did not understand his condition. Barker (2003) reports of how in recent times empathy has been shown to enable nurses to investigate and understand the experience of persons experiencing a state of chaos as a consequence of psychiatric order.AnalysisThere are many reasons why somebody may refuse to communicate. Wilkinson (1992) cited in (Kluijver et al, 2000) defined communication as an open two-way communication in which patients are informed about the nature of their disease and treatment and are encouraged to express their anxieties and emotions. Sheldon, (2009) expands this further by saying in nursing communication is a sharing of health-related information between a patient and a nu rse, with both participants as sources and receivers. The nature of health care demands expertise in interviewing, explaining, fine-looking instructions and advising (Williams, 1997). In this instance, this was exactly what I did. The use of therapeutic communications in nursing, particularly empathy, is what enables therapeutic change and should not be underestimated (Norman and Ryrie, 2004). Egan (2002) argues that empathy is not just the ability to enter into and understand the world of another person but also be able to communicate this understanding to him. Nurses should be aware that patients, who are paranoid and suspicious of staff interventions as was the case of patient R, might not readily accept support from staff. OCarroll et al (2007) contended that in our professional roles, nurses do not have the same option as we do in our personal life by withdrawing from difficult relationships. I began to feel tearful, but then quickly reminded myself that there must be a reason able definition for him refusing to communicate or cooperate with everyone. I felt my client call for a choice and giving him a choice will give him back some of his independence when he could be feeling helpless and vulnerable and his self-esteem could be decreased (Child Higham, 2005) as his cooperation could be inhibited.The need to build therapeutic relationship with the patient is paramount in gaining trust and respect (Rigby and Alexander, 2008). McCabe (2004) argues that the use of effective interpersonal skills, a basic component of nursing, must be patient centred. If I had been tense and negative, my client would not have enjoyed the conversation and would have felt uncomfortable and rushed (Kozier, et al 2008).ConclusionCommunication is without doubt the spiritualist through which the nurse-patient relationship takes place. The skills of active listening and reflection promote better communication and encourage empathy building. Caring for acutely mentally unwell patie nts requires of the nurse sensitivity, conveyancing warmth and empathy. Engaging meaningfully and actively listening to patients makes them perceive the practice as valuing rather than punishing, therapeutic rather than custodial. Communicating with patients is in itself nursing and whence should be encouraged at all levels of nursing care. I feel my compassionate skill went well, because we were both relaxed and comfortable. As no problems occurred, I would do most things the same again.Action forgeMy goal for the future is to develop my knowledge by reading about long term conditions like schizophrenia so as to give me insight into those conditions before administering care. If patients appear distressed, I would get other members of staff to help give reassurance to them. I will also use reflective discussions with mentors and peer groups about managing similar situations. Finally, I will be taking the initiative and not being timid about challenging situations- the more time s I meet the challenge, the better equipped I become at learning to manage them.Skill 3 Bed BathDescriptionI was asked with a colleague to bath a dummy patient during a placement simulation.The procedure was outlined by the lecturer present. I prepared the trolley with soap, bowl of warm water, soap and towel.I explained why I was going to give him a bath and gained consent. I drew the curtains to maintain patients privacy and lordliness at all times. I washed my hands, put on apron and gloves to prevent infection and contamination and bathed him all round (front, back and sides including crevasses and folds) using crack up towel for the private area. I covered the patient with the bath blanket to prevent chilling for his comfort. Whilst carrying out the bed bath I assessed his skin condition for any sores or broken skin.I treated the patient as if confined to bed or he is too unwell to attend to his own hygiene needs but able to communicate with me and reassured him everything w as alright.FeelingsBefore starting, I had many emotions running through me. I expressed that I did not have much confidence in performing the task. This was because I (1) lacked experience, (2) was concerned that I would not perform to the patients expectations and (3) was still trying to adjust to the laboratory environment. I therefore felt embarrassed that my lack of confidence was so obvious to present lecturer and colleagues. I later felt calm but a lowly apprehensive due to this. Despite all these, I persevered and finished the task successfully.EvaluationWhat was good of this experience was that, I upheld the reputation of the profession by maintaining it (NMC, 2008) as I did not speak over the client nor did I ignore him at any point during the procedure The instructions about what I needed to do was clear and I understood it and this give him the utmost respect, comfort and safety. By washing my hands thoroughly before coming into contact with the patient, Pirie (2010) exp lains that micro-organisms are easily removed through the process of hand washing. With supervision and comments from the lecturer present, I completed the task without harming the patient. Thomas et al, (1997), explains that, supervision is an important development tool for all learners.What was not good about this experience was when I redressed the client without allowing the client to choose the dress which I will prevent happening again. Nurses are taught to include family members where possible, keeping them well informed constantly about the condition and health care which is taking place. This helps make families feel more comfortable and also enables them to gain a clear picture of what is going on.Again, the lecturer was concerned that I appeared to lack confidence, and explained that, being able to express opinions intelligibly and confidently was essential in my future career as a nurse. In the lecturers view, the only way to develop confidence was to participate regula rly which Bulman Schutz (2008) confirms.AnalysisSkin care is a fundamental aspect of basic nursing care, with the outcome of these interventions often used to gauge the quality of the care provided (Voegelli, 2010). . Bathing involves actions to keep the skin clean and is essential for healthy skin (Dougherty Lister 2008). There are essentially two bed bath options available for todays health professional. Option one is the traditional soap and water bed bath which is labour intensive. Option two is the use of pre-packaged specialist bed bath wipes that come already impregnated with skin-friendly cleansers and moisturizers (Massa, 2010). Bathing is an intimate activity which requires physical assessment. Writers have described such intimate physical assessments as creating a potentially intrusive situation (Lewis 2006, Sturdy 2007) which might cause the patient to feel uncertain and inadequate. I was prepared not to overlook this area.The use of curtains and screens helped maintai n the persons dignity and self-esteem (Child Higham, 2005). Despite this, dignity is seldom defined and there are few guidelines that nurses may use in their practice to safeguard individual patients dignity (Dignity in care (DOH 2006).It is true that healthcare assistants and auxiliaries can perform bed bathing and attend to patients hygiene needs there are also important roles for the registered nurse, as it is often during the bathing of a patient that the nurse/patient relationship develops (Downey et al, 2008). In addition, the ceremonial of a patient during the process of bathing provides excellent opportunities to make more detailed assessment and observation of the patients condition and progress (Pegram et al 2007).ConclusionWithout doubt, provision of bed bath clients is to promote personal hygiene and to give them a sense of well-being and allows the caregivers to monitor lizard changes in the clients skin condition (Evans, 2001). My reflective experience was very basi c although a lot of the experience was preparation, planning and assessing which prevented the experience from going badly in anyway. I will also ask if they want to brush their teeth so that they feel more comfortable and also help prevent dental consonant decay or any sores from developing around the gums. I now feel confident and comfortable enough to assist bathing people.Action planIf a situation like this was to arise again I think I would like to try to take out more time to prattle to the client about how they are feeling and involve him at every stage of the activity. I also feel that it is important for me to work alongside more experienced members of staff to be able to learn more whilst on my placements. I think it is worth highlighting that as this procedure was carried out on a manikin, it did not reflect proper nurse / patient interaction and that I will now need to try and develop this skill and what I have learned from it to the wider clinical context when assistin g patients who really do need help meeting their hygiene needs. I have learned something about giving the patients choice but it really wont be until I apply this skill into practice that I will receive feedback about how effective Ive undertaken the task, from the person that really matters or is in the best place to help me evaluate my actions, that person being the patient.CONCLUSIONAdministering oral hygiene, bed bathing and how these are have with care, compassion and communication forms the basis of a holistic approach to care, and with the knowledge I got from supporting literature formed the foundation of my learning and practice. This experience has doubtless enhanced my critical thinking as a nurse and prepared me to move forward in my development and practice as a caring and competent nurse. I see myself as being in the right job which offers many opportunities for development and to improve upon my knowledge and skills. I have clearly demonstrated that by using a refle ctive model as a guide I have been able to break down, make sense of, and learnt from my experience during my placementsIn spite of above, the processes of learning I went through are more complex than Gibbs suggests. It is not as cyclical as this model implies and I found myself jumping or combining some stages, before coming back. However, it has taken me out of my comfort zone, challenging my thinking.

Market With Respect To Customers And Segmentation Marketing Essay

commercialise With Respect To bespokeers And division Marketing EssayAnalysis of mart place with respect to clients and discussion variance is a fundamental surgical procedure for both trade offering. Several inquiryes has been conducting on analyzing the factors on which the homogenous marts argon membered into some(prenominal) groups and argon make heterogeneous with respect to some attributes feature by the customers.Market segmentation is a challenge by marketplaceers to identify group of customers with similar attributes and then target the harvest-home fit to their distinct needs. These segments which argon made as a result of market segmentation process, ar then refined and one or several segments argon selected to target a event(a) harvest or market offering.The process of selecting appropriate group of customers for a particular market offering is a part of planning forwards the product is initially launched in the market. The overall merchandising e fforts are the post consequences of this process or in some other centering these market efforts are found on attributes possessed by the customer.Each set of customers is targeted according to their attributes. Therefore it is of crucial importance for marketers to identify these attributes of customers that rear end be satisfied by the product offered in the market.However, after all these planning and marketing segmentation it is a common issue for marketers to indentify the actual target market for their market offering. Sometimes it is as soundly as observed that a product targeted to a particular segment is also being roled by other customers that falls apart from that targeted segment.Segments are made on several characteristics like board, gender, geographic location, reputation type, income group etc. It is the decision of the marketers to segment the market according to a particular or several characteristics.The ultimate goal of this process is to match the attri butes of market offering to customer needs. The processes of marketing effort followed by segmentation analysis and selection are inclined a direction to target that particular segment and highlight the product attributes with respect to customer needs.In our research we make an attempt to theatre of operations the burden of linking a market offering to a unique(predicate) segment on its acceptance by another segment. During this research we have identified several products that are conjugated to a particular customer segment establish on different characteristics. Mainly we have divided these market offerings into three sections that are market offerings joined to a particular gender, market offerings tie in to a particular climb on group, market offerings linked to a particular geographic location.We included these products in our survey to identify customers acceptance of a product that is linked to a particular segment by another segment that is not targeted by that prod uct. caper statementTo study the effects of linking market offerings to specific customer segments on its acceptance by other customer segments.In this problem statement well up study the effect of linking market offerings to specific customer segments as an independent variable. We leave behind be including market offerings that are linked to a particular market segment and will study its effect by identifying the acceptance of these products by other segments.Therefore, the acceptance of market offerings that are linked to a particular segment by another segment will be dependent variable.HypothesesFor conducting this research we have created the following hypothesesH1 Linking a market offering to a particular customer segment found on age does not have any effect on its acceptance by another segment based on age.H2 Linking a market offering to a particular customer segment based on gender does not have any effect on its acceptance by another segment based on gender.H3 Linking a market offering to a particular customer segment based on geographic location does not have any effect on its acceptance by another segment based on geographic location. schema of the studyInitially this study included the introduction to our research. In send-off chapter we tried to elaborate on our research topic. We discussed the issues that lead us towards our research problem. what is more than we motioned our research problem statement along with the variables well study from our research problem. To test the variables we have formulated our hypotheses that well check in our result section.The wink chapter brings nigh focus of research studies obtained from various research papers available. We did in depth study of around fifteen research papers related to our study and erectd a brief discussion about their views regarding their respective field of study. This will provide a theoretical base for our study.The third chapter describes our research methods in detail. It will cover methods of our data collection. The sampling technique we dropd to collect our data from respondents, along with the sample size. Instrument of data collection that we have exercisingd and the rigourousness and reliability of data collected from that instrument. The research model is represented in diagram and statistical technique that we have employ is also discussed.The fourth section includes results of our study. This will be supported by statistical outputs of our data analysis and its interpretation to elaborate our results in theoretical terms. In the end of this section well provide hypotheses assessment summary.The fifth chapter will provide the conclusion on basis our results and discussions about it. The implications of our study on practical grounds. It will further orient the areas of research that we can vision for further research.DefinitionsMarket offering any product tangible or intangible that is offered in market or customers.Market segmentation P rocess of segmenting market into similar segments.Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEWJohnson (1971) found that market segmentation studies can produce result which indicates desired marketing action. Techniques which are presentably available can (1) construct a product space (2) discover the shape of distribution of consumers idea point throughout such(prenominal) a space, and (3) identify likely opportunity for new and modified produce.Wendell R. Smith (1956) found in his studies that market segmentation is done by regard different preference of different groups. Consumers with similar requirements and preferences are considered as a segment. Segmentation in this way in done in order to satisfy consumer wants. through with(predicate) market segmentation marketers can identify the required marketing action. These technique help to indentify new offering that could be designed. Different offerings could be designed according to the customer requirements. These groups with different require ments are then divided into segments in order to bring in new products in the market (Johnson, 1971).Market segmentation consists of viewing a heterogeneous market (one characterized by divergent demand) as a number of smaller homogeneous markets in response to differing product preferences among important market segments. It is attributable to the desires of consumers or users for more precise satisfaction of their varying wants. As market segmentation simultaneously addresses the roles of both marketers and customers, the segmentation concept has captured the attention of galore(postnominal) scholars and practitioners alike in the field. Accordingly, within the last few years, a number of new developments have emerged in market segmentation. Segmentation is based upon development on the demand side of market and represents a rational and more precise adjustment of product marketing effort to consumer or user requirements.(Smith 1956).Segmentation helps companies to carry out com petitive advantage., as different segments leads to different outcomes. Segmentation helps marketers identify the role of consumer preferences. This segmentation is based on the demand by different consumer groups. Marketers design market offerings by evaluating difference preference of different segments so that it could satisfy their needs.Age based segmentation is done by dividing people into similar age groups. The beginning(a) age group that was born 1946 and 1964 are known as baby boomers I . They are more prone to make saving and questioning authority, so marketers have to design the product that has more cost to benefit ratio plus they have to provide more information about the offering. The second age based segment is baby boomer II 1964 and 1973 these are more towards spending then savings. N-Gens and Generation X segment are the once that are born between 1977 and 1987 and age from 1984 to 1994 respectively. They are more prone to spending money then saving. They prefer using internet as mean to interact with people they know, so marketers need to produce product that close to technology. (Bidwell)The check book of facts decision is strategically critical to an organization. Though an propagation is a way to exploit perhaps the most important asset owned by a business, it also risks decreasing the value of that asset. The wrong extension could create negatively charged associations that may be expensive, or even impossible, to change. Ries and Trout (1981). For most brand extensions, a motivating rationale is that the original brand has associations that will be helpful to the extension. The blow of a brand association, however, can be harmful to the extension. For example, the Betty Crocker attribute association might be viewed as negative if the name were used on demeanor product designed to appeal to young women. Zeithaml (1988)Brand extension is of the most dangerous decision that a company make. The motivation behind brand extension is that the existing parent brand helps the new brand to acquire its place in the market. But as it get positive effects from parent brand it could also put a negative effect on the parent brand. As in case of failure or success of brand extension it some how reflects the reliability and success of an existing parent brand. Unrelated extensions are some times might be disastrous for the company.Gender identity, sometimes referred to as an individuals psychological sex, has been defined as the fundamental, existential sense of ones maleness or femaleness. (Spence, 1984) A number of researchers have attempted to relate purchases of product types or specific brands to personality traits of the purchasers. These researchers advanced the basic hypothesis that individuals who consume in a certain manner will also manifest certain common personality characteristics, leading to prediction of consumer behavior. (Grubb Grathwohl, 1967)When attempting to measure whether segmentation has succeede d or failed. It is important to clarify the notion of success. Little research has dealt directly with the question of success and failure in segmentation research. (Dibb, 1998)With many questions regarding the relationship between marketing strategy and measurable business outcomes, proved the link with particular strategic decisions. It is difficult to achieve. (Dibb, 1998)The classic metaphor of bad understanding of segmentation principles comes from the following quotation from a MD which emerges from a study examining the competitiveness of British industries. The study recommended that British businesses were reasonably rickety in the application of a segmentation approach I dont know if we segment the markets, or who we really place ourselves against the opposition. I expect our advertising execution knows. I think we are almost certainly up-market, because we advertise in some very posh magazines (Doyle et al., 1986)Some business view segmentation other as a tactical tri ck than as a staid strategic marketing besidesl. In some respect it has become industrys buzz expression. The be cured _or_ healed for anything and everything. The attraction to view segmentation as an additional of marketings goodies in a kind of bitter shop mentality may be just too huge. Advertising executives sometimes criticize that product and brand managers view endorsement as a tactical answer to short-change-term declines in sales. When the months figures are reduced, advertising personnel complain that the managers visit the promotions bitter shop, with a steady stream of requirements for quick-hit campaign. Segmentation is sometimes view in the same manner, used tactically to gear short-term payback, ignoring the need for a longer-term viewpoint. For customers the outcome can be a confusing mix of conflicting marketing programmers. (Dibb, 1998) human raceagers responsibility segmentation analysis for the first time often state surprise at the lack of sensible guidance and step-by step approach to help. This conversation begins by reviewing the kinds of question which practitioners investigate when paltry out segmentation study, then examines the degree to which available guidance matches up to these supplies. The following questions, which are characteristic of those asked by practitioners responsibility segmentation for the first time, are drawn from deliberations with managers at several divisions of an industrial chemical trade. (Dibb, 1998)The repayment of following a plan for the entirety of the segmentation project is apparent. Planning encourages the location of sink objectives, so that marketers found from the start exactly what they desire to achieve from the keep fit. This also increases the chance that measures will be designed to confirm that objectives have been achieved. (Doyle et al., 1986) homogeneous the target of any market segment, racial targeting is done by brand manager to maximize sales and income. The basic rationale a fter this strategy is that a variety of promotion programs (unique combination of products, publicity, pack-ages, pricing, sharing, etc.), each intended to better match the psychology and happiness of a separable section, will eventually produce more sales and income than would a single undifferentiated mar-kiting agenda, so called mass promotion.( Polly, Lee and -Whitney, 1965)Marketing segmentation is ordinary among large consumer merchandise firms and has incurred criticism just when the product itself is challenging. The central concern, therefore, is not classically with the use of event or sex as a basis for marketplace analysis and idea. Selective targeting can be benign or even helpful, but only if the product is. When the mar-kiting process is deferential and appropriately customized it may be more applicable, efficient and may provide better service and settlement to targeted segments. But if the product is unpleasant, even ad-dative and deadly, segmentations competence d elivers more death and illness, not more payback, and pro-vides damage, not a service. (Polly, Lee and -Whitney, 1965)Segmentation in commerce markets should reflect the association needs of the party involved and should not be based solely on the customary consumer market loom, which is originally the collapse method. Through use of both the collapse and the build-up approach, a more correct, in-depth, and potentially more gainful view of industrial market can be achieve (Crittenden, Crittenden, and Musky, 2002).However, evils remain concerning the practical Application and completion of B2B segmentation. Managers account that the analysis process are reasonably clear, but it is not clear how they be sibylline to choose and evaluate flanked by the market segments which have been resolute. (Nude and Cheng, 2003).Much segmentation theory has been developed during the period when transactional marketing was the principal approach to marketing, rather than the more relational approac hes adopted in todays service-dominated environment. Under these circumstances, the allocation of resources to achieve the designated marketing mix goals was of key importance. (Naud and Cheng, 2003).Evils with the segmentation literature debate with a range of market practitioners from industry as varied as industrial substance and car mechanism to distillers and nibble foods are quick to condemn the convenience and ease of use of the so-called academic writing. The use of technical and turgid speech is a particularly common disparagement, though not unique to the segmentation literature. While it is beyond the scope of this piece to conduct a complete examination of general question about the style and arrangement of academic literature, it is important to discover issues which are specific to the segmentation text. One of the most fundamental concerns is that the writing reflects a inlet between educational and practitioner needs and that academics have a research agenda which se ts different kinds of priorities to those of practitioners. A second area of worry is that the literature fails to believe some of the sensible constraints faced by marketers seeking to implement segmentation advance. (Dibb, 1998)Chapter 3 RESEARCH METHODS3.1 Method of Data collectionThe method of data collection for this research will be Personal Surveying Technique which is extremely effective for this research study.As far as the procedure is concerned for the collection of data. Firstly we will visit respondents according to the proposed sample size and ask them to solve the questionnaire for the research study. If respondents have the time they can fill the questionnaire at the moment in any other case they can fill at later time or date and the researcher can gather the questionnaire upon the set time from the respondent.3.2 Sampling TechniqueResearcher proposes to use Non probability based sampling, where the researcher selects the sample based on convenience sampling, data will be mostly based on questionnaire since the researchers dont have that much time and is short of resources.3.3 Sample sizeNumber of respondents for this study is 250 users for around 14 different brands which are gender, age or geography based linked.3.4 Instrument for Data CollectionSelf administered questionnaire will be used to collect data from the correspondents, which will have ample number of questions to address all the variables of the study. Various options would also be assigned to each question to measure the variables.3.4.1 Validity and Reliability TestThe validity and reliability of our data that we gathered in our study is given by the following cron-batch alpha statistical test.TABLE 3.4.1 Reliability and Validity TestCase Processing SummaryN%CasesValid24698.4Excludeda41.6Total250100.0a. Listwise cutting out based on all variables in the procedure.Reliability StatisticsCronbachs AlphaN of Items.76960Here the value of Cronbachs Alpha is 0.769 that is about 77%. This confirms that our data is 77% valid and can be consider as reliable data for this study.3.5 Research Model DevelopedFigure 3.5This model refers to our variables and the effect that we have studies in our research.3.6 Statistical TechniqueWe have used custom table percentage method in which we have developed combine effect of customers perception about the product designed for and who will use the product in percentage terms.CHAPTER4 RESULTS4.1 Findings and Interpretations of the Results circumvent 4.1.1 Zong Lahore oceanic practise ducksWho else can use pile of KarachiPeople of LahorePeople of Pakistan any other delay N % table N % control panel N % knock back N %Designed forKarachi3.6%1.2%1.6%.0%Lahore5.2%55.6%18.8%.0%All pakistan.8%4.0%8.4%.4% whatever other.0%.0%.4%.0% postpone 4.1.2 Ufone-Prepaid Karachi OfferCustom tabular arraysWho else can usePeople of KarachiPeople of LahorePeople of PakistanAny other fudge N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Designed forKarachi58.0%6.4%18 .8%.4%Lahore2.8%.0%1.6%.0%All pakistan4.0%.4%6.8%.0%Any other.0%.4%.4%.0%Table 4.1.3 Jazz- Karachi Bachat OfferCustom TablesWho else can usePeople of KarachiPeople of LahorePeople of PakistanAny otherTable N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Designed forKarachi57.6%4.8%20.8%1.2%Lahore1.2%1.2%.4%.0%All pakistan4.0%.8%6.8%.4%Any other.0%.4%.0%.0%14.00.4%.0%.0%.0%Table 4.1.4 Zong- Karachi UnlimitedCustom TablesWho else can usePeople of KarachiPeople of LahorePeople of PakistanAny otherTable N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Designed forKarachi62.0%3.6%17.2%.0%Lahore1.2%.4%1.6%.0%All pakistan3.6%.4%9.6%.4%Any other.0%.0%.0%.0%Table 4.1.5 Omore Karachi ka dil khusheyon se fillCustom TablesWho else can usePeople of KarachiPeople of LahorePeople of PakistanAny otherTable N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Designed forKarachi42.0%2.8%22.0%.8%Lahore.4%2.4%.8%.0%All pakistan2.8%2.4%22.0%.4%Any other.8%.0%.4%.0%The above mentioned tables are related to geographic location linked to a particular segment. As a common result we can justify that even there is a lot of variation in customers perception and acceptance but if we concentrate on where majority lies we can shut that a product that is linked to a particular geographic location is used by the customers belonging to that location. Hence the other geographic segment does not accept the marketing offer linked to another geographic segment.Table 4.1.6 Jang- Bachon ka jangCustom TablesWho else can use10 yrs or below11-18 yrs19-26 yrsabove 26All agesTable N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Designed for10 yrs or below18.5%18.1%2.8%.4%3.2%11-18 yrs12.0%19.7%7.6%.4%7.2%19-26 yrs1.6%.4%2.8%.8%2.4%above 26.4%.4%.8%.4%.0%Table 4.1.7 Jang- Bachon ka jangCustom TablesWho else can use10 yrs or below11-18 yrs19-26 yrsabove 26All agesTable N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Designed for10 yrs or below18.5%18.1%2.8%.4%3.2%11-18 yrs12.0%19.7%7.6%.4%7.2%19-26 yrs1.6%.4%2.8%.8%2.4%above 26.4%.4%.8%.4%.0%Table 4.1.8 Djuice- its fun to be young Custom TablesWho else can use10 yrs or below11-18 yrs19-26 yrsabove 26All agesTable N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Designed for10 yrs or below1.6%.4%.4%.0%.0%11-18 yrs2.8%11.2%14.8%.4%5.6%19-26 yrs.8%22.8%19.6%6.0%11.6%above 26.0%.4%.8%.4%.4%Table 4.1.9 HBL- Young Savers Account (upto 18 years)Custom TablesWho else can use10 yrs or below11-18 yrs19-26 yrsabove 26All ages14.00Table N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Designed for10 yrs or below2.4%4.4%1.6%.0%.0%.0%11-18 yrs16.0%35.2%11.2%.8%4.0%.4%19-26 yrs.4%4.0%11.2%2.8%2.0%.0%above 26.0%.4%1.2%1.2%.8%.0%Table 4.1.10 Dawn- Young WorldCustom TablesWho else can use10 yrs or below11-18 yrs19-26 yrsabove 26All ages41.00Table N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Table N %Designed for10 yrs or below7.6%10.0%.4%.0%1.6%.0%11-18 yrs14.0%20.0%13.2%2.0%9.6%.4%19-26 yrs1.2%4.0%6.0%2.4%2.4%.0%above 26.8%.8%1.2%.8%1.6%.0%In this section of our instrument we presented the market offering linked to a particular customer segme nt based on age group. The general result of all 4 market offerings is showing that there is a significant variation in usage of product designed for a particular age by other age groups. Hence we can conclude that a market offering linked to a particular age group is accepted by other age groups.Table 4.1.11 Garnier MenCustom TablesWho else can use manful onlyfemale onlyboth gendersTable N %Table N %Table N %Designed forMale only66.8%4.0%14.2%female only3.2%2.0%2.4%both genders1.2%.4%5.7%Table 4.1.12 Jazz-Ladies PackageCustom TablesWho else can useMale onlyfemale onlyboth gendersTable N %Table N %Table N %Designed forMale only6.4%2.8%1.2%female only2.8%31.2%29.6%both genders3.2%4.0%18.8%Table 4.1.13 Gillette- The best a Man can getCustom TablesWho else can useMale onlyfemale onlyboth gendersTable N %Table N %Table N %Designed forMale only68.1%4.0%10.5%female only4.0%2.8%2.0%both genders2.8%.4%5.2%Table 4.1.13 Head and Shoulder- for MenCustom TablesWho else can useMale onlyfemale on lyboth gendersTable N %Table N %Table N %Designed forMale only41.5%5.6%25.4%female only4.8%.4%1.2%both genders2.8%2.0%16.1%Table 4.1.14 Ufone- Ladies PackageCustom TablesWho else can useMale onlyfemale onlyboth gendersTable N %Table N %Table N %Designed forMale only4.4%3.2%2.0%female only3.2%33.1%26.2%both genders3.6%3.6%20.6%In this last section we presented market offerings that are linked to a particular gender. In this it is not justifiable to give a general consensus for all the 5 products we presented. There is a different pattern of behavior that is identifies and it is with respect to the reputation of the product.Hence we can conclude that for cosmetic or body care products the market offering linked to a particular gender is not used by other gender and hence not accepted.However in case of telecommunication packages, a market offering linked to a particular gender is accepted by other gender and they can use it.4.2 Hypotheses Assessment SummaryTable 4.2 Hypotheses Assess mentHYPOTHESESSUMMARYASSESMENTH1- Market offering linked to a particular customer segment based on age does not have any effect on another customer segment based on age.With respect to age we have seen there is a lot of variation in usage of product by other age groups.H1 acceptedH2- Market offering linked to a particular customer segment based on geographic location does not have any effect on another customer segment based on geographic location.With respect to geographic location prominent behavior is that a market offering is used by same geographic location its linked to rather than other geographic locations.H2 rejectedH3- Market offering linked to a particular customer segment based on gender does not have any effect on another customer segment based on gender.In this the usage of a product by other gender is according to the nature of product however the prominent behavior evoke that the product linked to a particular gender is not used by opposite genderH3 acceptedCHAPTER 5 CONLUSION, DISCUSSION, IMPLICATION AND FU

Organic Hair Dyes Essays -- cosmetics, history, ancient rome

Organic Hair DyesOrganic stains in hair products and cosmetics feel been used throughout record for many aspects of horticulture and art. Today organic dyes are used in the process of hair dying and colouring where many aspects of the organic molecule are taken into account. several(prenominal) dyes are permanent where they stay until the hair falls out, where some dyes can be washed away due to their binding process into the hair1. Certain dyes mother their own way of being set into hair fibres and easier ways to set these are being researched. Hair dyes have been used throughout history and have been remarkably improved on, many new colours and processes have been made and many issues have come with them.Hair dyes have been used throughout history and started out in very simple ways. Around 3150BC ancient Egyptians were one of the first to start using dyes in hair.2 From a plant called Henna they obtained the leaves and mashed them in mildly acidic conditions.3 When the l eaves are mashed in these conditions the leaves release a molecule called lawsone.3 This molecule is the organic molecule responsible for the brownish red colour and is the dye acquired from this mixture. With small amounts of the molecule mixed with various other compounds, oranges can even be created. Mashed henna also incorporated with para-phenylenediamine (PPD) to give a dark subdued red colour. 3 This molecule will non stay in the hair unless it is somehow oxidized once in the hair fibres but was not discovered until the 1900s. It is speculated that the ancient Egyptians used slaked lime and water with lead oxide to make a paste where it was then rubbed into the hair for a long conclusion of time.2 The slaked lime and water solution was very high in alkali metals,... ...hno lumbery improves and the safer the process is becoming for all users.References1.Clausen, T. Hair Preparations. Wiley . 2006. Volume 1.1-46.2.Nayland, C. (2006, 10 26). Web log message. Retrieved f rom http//carlanayland.blogspot.ca/2006/10/ancient-egyptian-hair-dye-technology.html3.Wikipedia. (2014, 04 02). Henna. Retrieved from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henna4.The hair in ancient times. (2014, 04 04). Retrieved from http//thehistoryofthehairsworld.com/old_age_2.html5.Raja et al. Pelagia Research Library. 2012, Volume 3.156-1616.San Rafael. The Chemistry of Plant and Animal Dyes.1-5. 1981. Volume 58.1-5.7.Discovery of hair dye. (2014, 04 04). Retrieved from http//humantouchofchemistry.com/discovery-of-hair-dye.htm8.Morel. Olivier ,Christie. Robert. American Chemical Society. 2011. Volume 4. 2537-2561.

Martin Esslin Critical Essay :: Free Essays

Martin Esslin, in his critical essay written in 1969, comments on works from the beginning, middle and finally the end of Ibsens career. He chose to write about Hedda Gabler in his section about the middle of Ibsens career. While his writing is fairly complex, most of it is decipherable. He writes that Hedda Gabler is the last of his strictly realist plays. (237). He also explains that Hedda Gabler is first and foremost about a human being, no about an idea (237). This is what Esslin is impressed with the most. He enjoys how Hedda is not only the of import reference book but also the social comment. With these two ideas intertwined so well, the play is fascinating. Hedda becomes the social comment on the role of women in the society. She challenges the idea of the time period and stands sooner for superior, aristocratic womanhood who is the salve to the pride of her caste, (238). She cannot stand her position in society, and becomes bored with sitting around the house, waiting for Brack or Mrs. Elvsted to come around and visit. She becomes more and more bored, even on her honeymoon, with a husband she apparently married simply to become married and have some sort of social position. She does not love Tesman, which becomes clear through the way she treats him. An example of this is her harsh attitude toward him serving them drinks. Esslin also comments on the incredible balance of the play with the presence of six main characters, three men, and three women. They all balance each other out, which become clear as Esslin shows the opposite character traits in the six characters. Heddasuperior, aristocratic womanElvstedher exact counterpart, socially, intellectually, and physically inferior. better able to survive (238). The final aspect of the play Esslin chooses to comment on is how it is very much a poem. He cites examples, a figure standing by an open door, a shot ringing out in what seems like an idyllic scene, all these may blockade more poetic feelin gs than a dozen finely written speeches.

Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl by Harriet Jacobs Essays -- Pape

Incidents in the Life of a buckle down Girl by Harriet JacobsHarriet Jacobs in Incidents in the Life of a break ones back Girl uses clear detail and straightforward language, except when talking about her sexual history, to fully describe what it is like to be a slave. Jacobs says that Northerners only figure of slavery as perpetual bondage they dont know the depth of degradation there is to that word. She believes that no one could truly understand how slavery really is unless they acquit gone through with(predicate) it. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl do not only tell about the physical pains and catchy labor that she went through. It mostly concentrates on the emotional viewpoints on it and what it did to shape who she is. When writing her story, Jacobs had a clear motive. Her motive was one of a political taking. She writes through her experiences and sufferings to put one over it clear to people, mainly the Northerners, and more specifically white women in th e North, how slavery really is. She does not want sympathy, however, she does want to arouse the women in the North to a realizing sense of the condition of two millions of women of the South, still in bondage (460). Jacobs wants people to take action in antislavery efforts. Jacobs in telling her story uses many techniques to go it effective. Some of the techniques that she uses are dealing with the use of her language, her selections of incidents and details, and her method of addressing an audience. Harriet Jacobs tells her story by breaking it down into voices according to different important aspects of her life. In doing this, each section is described vividly to give the reader a full effect and greater understanding of how it was to be treated as property. Like was said be... ...tive techniques to specify her point across. Her story was very powerful and probably helped in the antislavery movement, therefore fulfilling her goal. In the end she is thought of as a new kind of feminine hero (497). She has gone through many hardships and she articulates her struggle to assert her womanhood (497). Even with her lack of a higher education, she shows intelligence throughout her writing. She had her own stylus of getting her points across, one being that a person could not possibly fully understand the degradation of slavery if he/she did not go through it themselves. This is a point within itself because it further relays the fact that slavery was a very horrible, evil and degrading thing.Works CitedJacobs, Harriet. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. Ed. Jean Fagan Yellin. Cambridge, Massachusetts Harvard University Press, 1987.

Life After Death :: essays research papers fc

Life After Death     As the irritating, yet matte beeps of the life-monitor in theemergency room began to slowly die away, George struggled to hang on. Its notmy time yet, he thought. Please, give me just one more day The beeps currentlybecame increasingly far in between, while the doctors frantically bustled on ina futile attempt to stabilize the dying man like a bunch of panicking beestrying to save their doomed hive from a pouring rain. The world turned hazy,then completely dark, as George felt himself slowly planless into the darkness.He flew and flew without end. Then there was the light - that infamous "lightat the end of the tunnel." (Randles 2) It gave out a strange, comforting warmththat enveloped him, easing his fears and relieving all doubts. George in some mannerknew what to do - to just let go. He felt quite at home.     Back on earth, the rhythmic, mechanical beeps suddenly turned into asolid, continuous gamey E, sig naling the end. George was about to cross over.Being bathed in the strangely comforting light, he was soon greeted by his long-lost friends and relatives, beckoning for him to come, come join them. Georgewanted to stay. much than anything he cared for, George wanted to stay righthere, basking in the light of love. But he felt something pull him back. Wait,not yet, he thought. Its not my time yet... The adjoining moment, George wassomehow reunited with his physical body, lying on that uncomfortable hospitalbed, amidst the doctors sighing in relief, surrounded no longer by that softglow, but again by that rhythmic beep, beep, beep     Is there a parallel between Georges account of a near-death experience(NDE), and what really happens when we ourselves die? Is there indeed a assort ofus that conquers death and continues to live a different kind of existence whereit has new powers and undergoes unfamiliar experiences? Is there really aheaven, or numerous heavens, adept of blissful joys awaiting some of us and ahell, or countless hells, full of different punishments for others? Or isphysical death, in fact, the end of life as we jockey it? Such questions aboutdeath and dying has intrigued humanity since the dawn of time. One area towhich we might look for some answers to this puzzle is religion. Unlike science,dealing lonesome(prenominal) with the material and tangible, traditional religion takes anotherview of our reality by recognizing the validity of metaphysical experiences.Worlds major religions, such as Hinduism, Buddhism, and Christianity, as well